// ================================================================ // Filename: WorldTri.cpp // Description: Drawing a Triangle primitive in homogenous world // coordinates // // This source corresponds to 32Bits.co.uk DirectX // Basics Series 3 part 1. // ================================================================ #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN #include #include #include #include #include "D3DFuncs.h" // Function declarations int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow); LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ); HRESULT GameInit(); HRESULT GameLoop(); HRESULT GameShutDown(); HRESULT Render(); // Globals static char strAppname[]="Direct3D Triangle"; LPDIRECT3D8 g_pD3D; LPDIRECT3DDEVICE8 g_pDevice; LPDIRECT3DSURFACE8 g_pBackSurface; HWND g_hWnd; D3DCURRENTSETTINGS g_D3DSettings; // Globals specifically for this source LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER8 g_pVertexBuffer; typedef struct _tagSimpleVertex { float x,y,z; float rhw; } SIMPLEVERTEX; #define FVF_SIMPLEVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW) //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: WinMain() // Desc: The application's entry point //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { WNDCLASSEX wc; ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX)); wc.cbSize=sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); // size of the window struct in bytes wc.style=CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC; // window styles to use wc.lpfnWndProc=MsgProc; // function name of event handler wc.hInstance=hInstance; // handle to this apps instance wc.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);// background colour of window wc.hIcon= LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); // icon for the app window wc.hIconSm=LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); // icon when minimized to taskbar wc.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); // cursor to use for this window wc.lpszClassName=strAppname; // name for this class // Register the window class RegisterClassEx( &wc ); g_D3DSettings.m_nDeviceWidth=800; g_D3DSettings.m_nDeviceHeight=600; // Create the application's window g_hWnd = CreateWindow(strAppname, strAppname, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 10, 10, g_D3DSettings.m_nDeviceWidth, g_D3DSettings.m_nDeviceHeight, NULL, NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL ); // Show the window ShowWindow(g_hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(g_hWnd); if(FAILED(GameInit())) { UnregisterClass( strAppname, wc.hInstance ); return -1; } // Enter the message loop MSG msg; ZeroMemory( &msg, sizeof(msg) ); int count=0; while( msg.message!=WM_QUIT ) { if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } else { GameLoop(); } } GameShutDown(); UnregisterClass( strAppname, wc.hInstance ); return 0; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Name: MsgProc() // Desc: The window's message handler //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { HDC hDC; PAINTSTRUCT PaintStruct; switch( msg ) { case WM_PAINT: { hDC=BeginPaint(hWnd, &PaintStruct); // Tell windows we want to update the window // Do GDI drawing here EndPaint(hWnd, &PaintStruct); return 0; } case WM_KEYDOWN: { switch(wParam) { case VK_SPACE: { PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } } } case WM_DESTROY: { PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } default: return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam ); } } // ===================================================================================== // High level functions for initialization, loop and shutdown // ===================================================================================== HRESULT GameInit() { HRESULT rslt=0; g_pD3D=Direct3DCreate8(D3D_SDK_VERSION); if(g_pD3D==NULL) { return D3DError(E_FAIL, __LINE__, __FILE__, "Failed to create a D3D8 object."); } // Populate our struct with how we want to set up D3D... g_D3DSettings.m_bWindowed=TRUE; g_D3DSettings.m_bMultiSampling=FALSE; g_D3DSettings.m_D3DFormat=D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8; // ...and pass it to our function to create the device! rslt=InitDirect3DDevice(g_hWnd, g_D3DSettings, g_pD3D, &g_pDevice); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return E_FAIL; } // =================================================================================== // Set up our primitive and vertex buffer // =================================================================================== // Create an array to hold our triangle's 3 vertices: // v1 // /\ // / \ // v0 /____\ v2 SIMPLEVERTEX Triangle[3]; Triangle[0].x=50.0f; Triangle[0].y=200.0f; Triangle[0].z=0.0f; Triangle[0].rhw=1.0f; Triangle[1].x=150.0f; Triangle[1].y=50.0f; Triangle[1].z=0.0f; Triangle[1].rhw=1.0f; Triangle[2].x=250.0f; Triangle[2].y=200.0f; Triangle[2].z=0.0f; Triangle[2].rhw=1.0f; // Next, create our vertex buffer using the properties of our custom struct and FVF rslt=g_pDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(sizeof(Triangle), 0, FVF_SIMPLEVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVertexBuffer); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return D3DError(rslt, __LINE__, __FILE__, "CreateVertexBuffer() failed."); } // Now lock the vertex buffer... BYTE* pVerticeLock=0; rslt=g_pVertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(Triangle), &pVerticeLock, 0); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return D3DError(rslt, __LINE__, __FILE__, "Failed to lock Vertex Buffer."); } // ...and copy our array of vertices straight into it CopyMemory(pVerticeLock, &Triangle, sizeof(Triangle)); // Remember to unlock the vertex buffer once we're done. g_pVertexBuffer->Unlock(); return S_OK; } HRESULT GameLoop() { return Render(); } HRESULT GameShutDown() { // Don't forget to release the vertex buffer - it's a COM interface! if(g_pVertexBuffer) g_pVertexBuffer->Release(); if(g_pBackSurface) g_pBackSurface->Release(); if(g_pDevice) g_pDevice->Release(); if(g_pD3D) g_pD3D->Release(); return S_OK; } // ===================================================================================== // Main render function to perform D3D drawing // ===================================================================================== HRESULT Render() { HRESULT rslt=NULL; // ==================================================================================== // - Do all the usual checks to make sure we have the right pointers, etc... // ==================================================================================== // Make sure we have a valid D3D Device if(!g_pDevice) { return E_FAIL; } // Return if the device is not ready rslt=ValidateDevice(g_pDevice, g_pBackSurface, g_D3DSettings); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return rslt; } // Clear the back buffer g_pDevice->Clear(0,0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,55), 1.0f, 0); // Get a pointer to the back buffer (remember, page flipping has taken place) rslt=g_pDevice->GetBackBuffer(0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &g_pBackSurface); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return D3DError(rslt, __LINE__, __FILE__, "Failed to get the back buffer."); } rslt=g_pDevice->BeginScene(); if(FAILED(rslt)) { return D3DError(rslt, __LINE__, __FILE__, "BeginScene() failed."); } // ==================================================================================== // - Do our drawing operations // ==================================================================================== // Tell D3D we want to use our vertex buffer as the "source stream" g_pDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertexBuffer, sizeof(SIMPLEVERTEX)); // Tell D3D we want to use our custom FVF define g_pDevice->SetVertexShader(FVF_SIMPLEVERTEX); // And finally tell D3D to draw our triangle! g_pDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1); // ==================================================================================== // - Clean up and present the back buffer to be page flipped // ==================================================================================== g_pDevice->EndScene(); g_pBackSurface->Release(); // Present the back buffer to the display adapter to be drawn g_pDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); return S_OK; }